Oct
19
2009
Icewine and Innovation in Niagara
Author: Phil CheeversI was looking at the table wine grapes being harvested now in Niagara and wondered whether to hazard a guess at what the Icewine harvest might be like when January, or February comes. Then I thought about how wrong we would all have been to take early guesses at the Niagara table wine harvest.
Niagara had a lot of rain this summer, and then 25 days of straight sunshine in September, which were almost perfect conditions for a wonderful grape harvest. But then it started to rain. It rained through October. Then it got cold last week. The farmers had taken a lot of the white grapes off, but with a lot of the reds still hanging on the vine, an early frost hit overnight. A crop that promised lots of quality and quantity still has the quantity. However, the stellar quality is now less than stellar, but certainly not as bad as ‘bad’.
However, it has the local media in an uproar reporting a massive (in Niagara, 12,000 tonnes is ‘massive’) surplus of grapes that will make farmers go bankrupt, and so on. News media makes their money on bad news.
I asked a couple of my suppliers if they were affected by this glut of less than ideal quality grapes. They didn’t seem concerned because they had commitments for all of their grapes.
One said, “Sure, the guys who are trying to grow 10 tonnes per acre have too much crop and the brix and flavour just isn’t going to be as concentrated as it should be so of course it will be hard to sell. I grow two to three tonnes per acre and they are all sold.”
Farmers can control how large a harvest will be by pruning the fruit in early season. By pruning back many of the grapes early, the remaining grapes will have better quality because the vine will focus on feeding less fruit with more goodness. This is as much art as science. Farmers who don’t prune or prune very little are making far more grapes, but they will be of a lesser brix or flavour and the crop, while bigger, will be less valuable, and harder to sell.
“What about the frost damage?” I asked another family winemaker who grows his own grapes. When the frost kills the leaves, development of the grape ceases. If a farmer doesn’t have wind machines to protect his vineyards from frost, his crop runs the risk of fungus, rot, and damage, and the grapes will have ceased to develop normally.
“Some farmers will be claiming crop insurance. I’m happy that the frost has killed off the canopy. The grapes are finished growing, and now I’m going to let them desiccate on the vine a little bit, concentrate the sugars, and then pick them. It’s kind of a mini-amarone thing happening right on the vine.”
I like this kind of innovation. In an industry where one doesn’t expect so much innovation, a little frost allowed this grower to make use of weather that couldn’t be expected to improve some of his grapes, and he had a plan that he had thought forward through fermentation and probably right to his shop shelves.
Innovation is good. Almost 200 years ago German farmers had their grapes frozen by an early winter and invented Eiswine, which was adapted to become Icewine, Niagara’s, and Canada’s signature wine.
Another farmer will be grafting Malbec buds onto 30 year old roots and protecting them against the frost. He’ll have something close to an old vines Malbec crop to take off next year and since as a winemaker, he lives and breaths his reds, I can’t wait to see what Malbec comes out of that winery. Malbec is a rare variety in Niagara.
At Pillitteri, they have just released another sparkling Icewine. This time it is a sparkling Cabernet Franc. Pillitteri is the leader in bringing different varieties to market. They are still celebrating that they have been able to keep the sangiovese vines alive through the winter so we may see another vintage of Icewines reminiscent of Chianti. Pillitteri is also plotting to make a ripasso style wine, but beyond that, those in the know won’t share the secrets until it is in the bottle. They already make a winning sur lies Chardonnay, so Pillitteri is not afraid of a little innovation with secondary fermentation
Over at Reif Winery, Klaus Reif was walking around his tasting room offering customers samples of his first batch of raisins. He’s adopted an as yet, still secret technology from another branch of agriculture and dried out a few tonnes of Coronation table grapes, virtually inventing a new foodstuff, the Niagara raisin.
The Niagara Region is developing culinary and innovative local ingredients like Klaus’s help make the experience truly local. If a Niagara raisin is on the menu next time I’m out dining, I’m ordering it!
Reif Winery, on the Niagara River
Contact VinoCanada for Export of Icewines and Canadian Wine Exports at www.vinocanada.com



forgotten big coffee table books. In the Italian wines section there was a simple entry about Cinque Terre wines. I also recall that Icewine and wines from Canada weren’t even mentioned in the book so this was a very long time ago.
than the Egyptians moved to build the great pyramids.
place to share a bottle of wine and watch the sunset. That can take an entire afternoon. Pick up a different local white wine. Catch an early dinner of fresh local fish and Fettuccine di Pesto alla genovese. Then head down to the rocks under the fort at in Vernazza’s harbour or settle in to natural armchairs carved out of rock high up in Manarola, or a private beach off the Via dell’ Amor walkway and make the wine last through the sunset.
The mother of all waves picked Humbly up, turned her sideways and heeled her almost 90 degrees. It bumped the bottom of the boat and boosted me off balance off of the seat. I felt like a volleyball set up for a spike. The wave broke over the cockpit and slammed me over the leeward coaming. Somewhere in the tremendous rush of water I took my left hand off the tiller and the next thing I remember is hanging in the water on the port side reaching up and over the transom grasping the tiller with my right hand.
cold patch in the lake. I could run into a current where a stream empties into the lake just in front of me. I could get hit by a bugs-in-teeth rescue boat driver. I worried about getting ashore. I didn’t want to be bashed against the rocks along the shore by these huge waves.
We were working on a bulk wine deal between Russia and South America and trying to ensure that we were on the same page about how a particular transaction might go. Tim told me this allegory which clears up a question about how serious a buyer or a seller is.
I have decided that it was with Lana, walking through some delightful woods to a small cave which is a shrine to a saint who lived 2000 years ago. We in the west typically call him St. Peter, but locally he is called by his birth name, St. Simeon. Lana pointed out red spots in the river which appear magically and are said to be the blood of St. Simeon. The locals killed him for some reason and now they revere him. The former Soviet world is full of such conundrums.
Before I left, I read in a cooking book that the name of these pots was “Kvevri”

